Tšepe e chitja
Tšepe e chitja e bolela tšepe e tiileng e nang le sefapano se chitja.Litlhaloso tsa eona li hlahisoa ka bophara, ka limilimithara (mm), tse kang "50mm" e bolela tšepe e chitja e nang le bophara ba 50 mm.
Tšepe e chitja e arotsoe ka mefuta e meraro: e chesang e kolobisitsoeng, e ferekaneng le e huloang ke serame.Litlhaloso tsa tšepe e pota-potileng e chesang ke 5.5-250 mm.Har'a tsona: 5.5-25 limilimithara tse nyenyane tse pota-potileng hangata li fanoa ka mekotla ea lihlopha tse otlolohileng, tse atisang ho sebelisoa e le litšepe tsa tšepe, liboutu le likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa mechine;tšepe e chitja e kholo ho feta 25 mm e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho etsa likarolo tsa mochini le liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang moroko li ema.
Sehlopha sa bar e pota-potileng
1.Ho hlophisoa ka sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale
Tšepe ea carbon e ka aroloa ka tšepe e tlaase ea carbon, tšepe ea carbon e bohareng le tšepe e phahameng ea carbon ho latela sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale (ke hore, carbon content).
(1) Tšepe e bonolo
E boetse e tsejoa e le tšepe e bonolo, khabone e tsoa ho 0.10% ho isa ho 0.30%.Low carbon steel e bonolo ho amohela ts'ebetso e fapaneng joalo ka forging, welding le cutting, mme hangata e sebelisoa ho etsa liketane, rivets, bolts, shafts joalo-joalo.
(2) Tšepe ea khabone e mahareng
Tšepe ea carbon e nang le carbon content ea 0.25% ho ea ho 0.60%.Ho na le tšepe e bolailoeng, litšepe tse semi-killed, tšepe e belang le lihlahisoa tse ling.Ho phaella ho carbon, e ka boela ea e-ba le palo e nyenyane ea manganese (0.70% ho isa ho 1.20%).Ho ea ka boleng ba sehlahisoa, e arotsoe ka tšepe e tloaelehileng ea carbon structural le tšepe ea boleng bo phahameng ba carbon.Ts'ebetso e ntle ea mocheso le ts'ebetso ea ho itšeha, ts'ebetso e mpe ea welding.Matla le boima li phahame ho feta tšepe e tlaase ea carbon, empa polasetiki le ho tiea li tlase ho feta tšepe e tlaase ea carbon.Lisebelisoa tse chesang le tse batang li ka sebelisoa ka ho toba ntle le phekolo ea mocheso, kapa ka mor'a phekolo ea mocheso.Medium carbon steel ka mor'a ho tima le ho futhumatsa e na le thepa e ntle ea mochine.Boima bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa bo ka finyelloang bo ka ba HRC55 (HB538), 'me σb ke 600-1100MPa.Ka hona, litšebelisong tse fapaneng tsa boemo ba matla a mahareng, tšepe ea carbon e bohareng ke eona e sebelisoang haholo.Ntle le ho sebelisoa e le thepa ea mohaho, e boetse e sebelisoa haholo ha ho etsoa likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa mechine.
(3) Tšepe e phahameng ea carbon
Hangata e bitsoa tool steel, carbon content e tloha ho 0.60% ho ea ho 1.70%, 'me e ka thatafalloa le ho halefa.Lihamore, li-crowbars, joalo-joalo li entsoe ka tšepe e nang le carbon content ea 0.75%;lisebelisoa tsa ho seha tse kang li-drill, lipompo, li-reamer, joalo-joalo li entsoe ka tšepe e nang le carbon content ea 0.90% ho ea ho 1.00%.
2.E arotsoe ka boleng ba tšepe
Ho latela boleng ba tšepe, e ka aroloa ka tšepe e tloaelehileng ea k'habone le tšepe ea boleng bo holimo.
(1) Litšepe tse tloaelehileng tsa khabone, tse tsejoang hape e le tšepe e tloaelehileng ea khabone, li na le lithibelo tse pharalletseng mabapi le litaba tsa khabone, mefuta ea ts'ebetso, le litaba tsa phosphorus, sebabole le likarolo tse ling tse setseng.Chaena le linaheng tse ling, e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e meraro ho ea ka maemo a tiisetso ea ho fana ka thepa: Class A steel (Class A steel) ke tšepe e nang le thepa e tiisitsoeng ea mechine.Sehlopha sa B tšepe (tšepe ea Sehlopha sa B) ke tšepe e nang le lik'hemik'hale tse tiisitsoeng.Tšepe e khethehileng (tšepe ea mofuta oa C) ke tšepe e tiisang thepa ea mochini le metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale, 'me hangata e sebelisoa ho etsa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa sebopeho.Hona joale Chaena e hlahisa le ho sebelisa tšepe ea A3 ka ho fetisisa (Sehlopha sa A3 sa tšepe) se nang le carbon content e ka bang 0.20%, e sebelisoang haholo-holo bakeng sa mehaho ea boenjiniere.
Litšepe tse ling tsa carbon structural li boetse li eketsa palo ea aluminium kapa niobium (kapa lintho tse ling tse etsang carbide) ho etsa li-nitrides kapa likaroloana tsa carbide ho fokotsa kholo ea lijo-thollo.Bakeng sa tsebo e eketsehileng ea CNC, batla akhaonto ea sechaba "NC programming teaching" ho WeChat, Matlafatsa tšepe 'me u boloke tšepe.Chaena le linaheng tse ling, e le ho finyella litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa tšepe ea setsebi, metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea tšepe e tloaelehileng ea carbon e fetotsoe, kahoo ho ntshetsa pele letoto la tšepe ea litsebi tsa tšepe e tloaelehileng ea carbon (e kang marokho, mehaho, Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe, tšepe bakeng sa likepe tsa khatello, joalo-joalo).
(2) Ha ho bapisoa le tšepe e tloaelehileng ea carbon structural, tšepe ea boleng bo phahameng ea carbon e na le lintho tse fokolang tsa sebabole, phosphorus le lintho tse ling tse se nang tšepe.Ho ea ka likarolo tse fapaneng tsa khabone le ts'ebeliso, mofuta ona oa tšepe o ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro:
① Ka tlase ho 0.25% C ke tšepe e nang le khabone e tlase, haholo 08F le 08Al e nang le khabone e ka tlase ho 0.10%, e sebelisoa haholo joalo ka likarolo tse tebileng joalo ka likoloi le makotikoti ka lebaka la ho hoheloa ha tsona ho tebileng le ho cheseha ha tsona ……ema .20G ke thepa e ka sehloohong ea ho etsa li-boilers tse tloaelehileng.Ntle le moo, tšepe e tlase ea carbon e boetse e sebelisoa haholo joalo ka tšepe ea carburizing bakeng sa tlhahiso ea mechini.
②0.25～0.60% C ke tšepe ea khabone e mahareng, e sebelisoang haholo maemong a khutsitseng le a futhumetseng ho etsa likarolo indastering ea tlhahiso ea mechini.
③ Ho feta 0.6% C ke tšepe e phahameng ea carbon, e sebelisoang haholo ha ho etsoa liliba, likere, rolls, joalo-joalo. Ho ea ka litaba tse fapaneng tsa manganese, e ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse peli tsa tšepe tse nang le manganese a tloaelehileng (0.25-0.8) %) le dikahare tse phahameng tsa manganese (0.7-1.0% le 0.9-1.2%).Manganese e ka ntlafatsa ho thatafala ha tšepe, ea matlafatsa ferrite, 'me ea ntlafatsa matla a lihlahisoa, matla a thata le ho roala khanyetso ea tšepe.Hangata, letšoao "Mn" le eketsoa ka mor'a hore ho be le tšepe ea tšepe e nang le manganese e phahameng, e kang 15Mn le 20Mn, ho e khetholla ho tloha carbon steel e nang le lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa manganese.
3.Ho arola ka sepheo
Ho latela kopo, e ka aroloa ka tšepe ea sebopeho sa carbon le tšepe ea sesebelisoa sa carbon.
Carbon tool steel The carbon content e pakeng tsa 0.65 le 1.35%.Ka mor'a phekolo ea mocheso, boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho apara ho phahameng ho ka fumanoa.E sebelisoa haholo ho etsa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng, lisebelisoa tsa ho seha, hlobo le lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya (sheba tšepe ea tšepe).
Mohaho oa tšepe oa carbon o arotsoe ka limaraka tse 5 ho latela matla a tlhahiso ea tšepe:
Q195, Q215, Q235, Q255, Q275
Letšoao ka leng le arotsoe ka limaraka tsa A, B, C, le D ka lebaka la boleng bo fapaneng.Ho na le mefuta e mene haholo, 'me e meng e na le o le mong feela;ho phaella moo, ho na le phapang ea mokhoa oa deoxidation oa ho qhibilihisa tšepe.
Letšoao la mokhoa oa deoxygenation:
F - tšepe e belang
b——tšepe e bolailoeng ka halofo
Z——tšepe e bolailoeng
TZ——tšepe e khethehileng e bolailoeng
Lintho tse entsoeng ka tšepe e pota-potileng: Q195, Q235, 10 #, 20 #, 35 #, 45 #, Q215, Q235, Q345, 12Cr1Mov, 15CrMo, 304, 316, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CRMov, 35CrMov, 40CrMov, 40CrMov, 40CrMov 5, 65Mn , 50Mn, 50Cr, 3Cr2W8V, 20CrMnTi, 5CrMnMo, joalo-joalo.
Nako ea poso: Jun-05-2023